In December 2015 we interviewed Mauro
Ruffino. In this interview we asked his opinion about the extinction of the
Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture (MPA) and its incorporation into the
Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA), among other questions. At
the time, he made it clear that the change was being made in a disorderly way,
but that should not be a problem as long as MAPA gave aquaculture, artisanal
fishing and industrial fishing the same treatment. Little did we know that that
was only the beginning of a political saga involving Brazilian fisheries…
The truth is that the story does not really begin in
2015. Since 2011 the institutional fishing sector has been quickly dismantled,
probably with the support and applause of many that do not want to see
sustainable fishery policies being properly implemented. Specifically, 2011
marks the end of national fisheries statistics and the beginning of an era of
political instability. In 2015 we watched, still rather hopefully, the end of a
dysfunctional Ministry of Fisheries, and the incorporation of the fishing
sector into MAPA, as the Aquaculture and Fisheries Secretariat. The transition
was turbulent, and right when parts of the sector, namely the industrial one, had
begun to adapt, we are surprised by another change, driven by political party
interests. In March
2017, the Aquaculture and Fisheries Secretariat was once again transferred
to another ministry, this time to the Ministry of Industry, Foreign Trade and
Services. Yes, the names of ministries are as schizophrenic as their goals.
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| Charge depicting the "requirements" to be a Ministry in Brazil ("if he knows how to change a light bulb, he will be the new minister of Mines and Energy"). By Sinovaldo. |
It seems that Dr. Ruffino’s fears of not having
small-scale fisheries properly represented might just come to pass under a
ministry that carries “industry” in its name. Such incorporation of all
fisheries into the Ministry of Industry, Foreign Trade and Services seeks to
encourage investments of national and international business, as an attempt to
industrialize the national fishery further. Under such policy, small-scale
fisheries are not that relevant after all, they just provide barely more than
half of the fish we eat and employ most of the fishers in the country.
Sarcastic comments apart, the country is not prepared to
boost industrial fisheries and aquaculture, without basic knowledge on our
stocks and on our environment. Perhaps it is time to acknowledge and fix the
mistakes done in 2011 with the suspension of fishery statistics before
venturing into uncharted waters. Besides, I do want to draw attention to the
marginalization of the whole small-scale fishery sector, which seems to become
more and more invisible under stronger and stronger neoliberalism. The new
policies tend to follow the revitalized heading of the country: wealth
centralization at the costs of ignoring millions of families that depend on
these resources.
One thing is certain: the fishing industry is being
forced once again to adapt to a new way of working, hoping to pave its way
through the corridors of a new political institution. The small-scale sector,
on the other hand, without any power to lobby, sinks in dark waters, while few
politicians that completely ignore the reality of Brazilian fisheries, celebrate
their new positions.
Fábio Carvalho
